est_.
Each estimate has a methodology page with a version, written YYYY-MM. When a method changes, the version goes up and the page’s version history says what changed. Responses that depend heavily on one method, such as sales history, carry its methodology_version and methodology_url. In the API reference, every est_ field links to its page.
Estimates are good for comparing products and shops and for spotting direction. They are not accounting: a seller’s own Etsy stats are the only exact source for their own shop.